Elbow Dislocation
Description/Cause
References:
- Hyperextension and axially loaded such as falling on outstretched arm
- Posterolateral rotary dislocation resulting from axial compression, flexion, valgus stress, and forearm supination
- Most commonly dislocated major joint in adults
- Incidence of 6 per 100,000
- Classified as either complex with the involvement of a fracture or simple in which the MCL and LCL are involved
- ROM is usually impaired
- Elbow deformity may be present
- UE function is usually reduced due to pain and disuse
- Varus stress test
- Valgus stress test
- Imaging
- Active motion in horizontal and vertical orientations
- Strengthening to improve joint stability
- PROM should be avoided unless both LCL and MCL have been repaired or sufficient time has past to allow the ligaments to heal.
- Avoid varus and valgus orientations
References:
- Alobi B, Gray A, Ferreira L, Johnson J, Athwal G, King G. Rehabilitation of the Medial-and Lateral Collateral Ligament-deficit Elbow: An In Vitro Biomechanical Study. Journal of Hand Therapy. 2012;25:363–73.
- Uhl T. Uncomplicated Elbow Dislocation Rehabilitation. Athletic Therapy Today. May 2000;5(3):31. Available from: SPORTDiscus, Ipswich, MA.
Acknowledgements:
David Funk, Student Physical Therapist at A.T. Still University
Ethan Hunke, Student Physical Therapist at A.T. Still University
Morgan Johnson, Student Physical Therapist at A.T. Still University
Ed Nheiu, Student Physical Therapist at A.T. Still University
Lindsay Walczak, Student Physical Therapist at A.T. Still University
Last edited: July 13, 2015